Ep. 234 | The Warlord Era (Part 4)
In this Part 4 of our Warlord series, the story continues with the splintering of the Beiyang Army and government into the factions of cliques who will battle each other for supremacy. Hubei warlord Wang Zhanyuan will be examined as one of the textbook examples of how these generals evolved into warlords. Zhili Clique leaders Cao Kun and Wu Peifu will also be introduced.
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Terms in Episode
| Pinyin/Term | Chinese | English/Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Ānfú Club | 安福俱乐部 | The political wing of the Anhui Clique |
| Běiyáng | 北洋 | Literally "North Ocean Army." This army served as the centerpiece of the Qing Dynasty's military modernization efforts. |
| Cáo Kūn | 曹锟 | 1862-1938, Succeeded Feng Guozhang as head of the Zhili Clique, also former president of China |
| Duàn Qíruì | 段祺瑞 | 1865-1936. Warlord and China politician. Also served as premier. Originally from Hefei, Anhui, he headed the Anhui Clique |
| Dà Yuán Shuài | 大元帅 | generalissimo or grand marshal |
| dūjūn | 督军 | provincial military governors |
| Féng Guózhāng | 冯国璋 | General and politician during the Republic of China. Lived from 1859-1919 |
| Guǎngxī | 广西省 | Province in south central China, west of Guangdong |
| Guǎngzhōu | 广州 | Capital of Guangdong Province and major city in modern Chinese history (and ancient China too) |
| Huái Army | 淮军 | Named after China's Huai River. Also called the Anhui Army. It was led by Li Hongzhang and later became part of the New Army and later, the Beiyang Army |
| Hóngxiàn Emperor | 洪宪 | The regnal name of Yuan Shikai during his short-lived bid to become emperor |
| Hùfǎ Yùndòng | 护法运动 | Movement to Protect the Constitution |
| Húběi | 湖北省 | Province in central China |
| Húnán | 湖南省 | Province in central China, just south of Hubei |
| Luòyáng | 洛阳 | Former ancient capital of several dynasties. Located in historic Henan Province |
| Lí Yuánhóng | 黎元洪 | Lived 1864-1928, president of the ROC 1916-1917 and 1922-23 |
| Lǐ Hóngzhāng | 李鸿章 | 1823-1901, Qing era general, diplomat and politician |
| Pénglái | 蓬莱 | City in Shandong, also home of Qī Jìguāng, featured not too long ago in CHP-230 |
| Pǔyí | 溥仪 | The Last Emperor of China. Lived from 1906-1967 |
| Qiānggǎnzi lǐmiàn chū zhèngquán | 枪杆子里面出政权 | Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun, as said by Mao Zedong in 1927 and later in 1938 |
| Qīng | 清朝 | China's last imperial dynasty, lasted 1644-1911 |
| Shāndōng | 山东 | Coastal province in north China |
| Sūn Chuánfāng | 孙传芳 | 1885-1935, Known as The Nanking Warlord. One of the major warlords of the era |
| Tianjin Military Academy | 天津军校 | Military Academy founded by Li Hongzhang |
| Tiānjìn | 天津 | Municipality in north China not far from Beijing |
| Wáng Zhànyuán | 王占元 | 1861-1934, Chinese general and warlord of Hubei province |
| Wú Pèifú | 吴佩孚 | 1874-1939, one of the major warlords of the Warlord Era |
| Wǎn Xì | 皖系 | Ānhuī Clique |
| Wǔchāng | 武昌 | City in Hubei, one of the three municipalities that makes up Wuhan |
| Wǔhàn | 武汉 | City in Hubei made up of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang |
| Xì | 系 | clique or faction |
| Yuán Shìkǎi | 袁世凯 | 1859-1916, Military and government official and first president of the Republic of China. Also called "The First Warlord" |
| Yíchāng | 宜昌 | Major city in Hubei, second largest after Wuhan |
| Zhí Xì | 直系 | Zhílì Clique |
| Zhílì province | 直隶省 | Former name of Hebei province |
| Zhílì Ānhuī War | 直皖战争 | July 14-23, 1920, war between Zhili and Anhui Cliques for control of the Beiyang government |
| Zhāng Xūn | 张勋 | 1854-1923, Qing loyalist general who attempted to restore the abdicated emperor Puyi in the Manchu Restoration of 1917. He also supported Yuan Shikai during his time as president |
| Zhāng Zuòlín | 张作霖 | 1875-1928, The Manchurian Warlord, another major warlord in his day |
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